Author: kevin

Acronym	Term	Definition
A/D	Analogue/Digital
ACC	Area Control Centre
ACHA	Advisory Committee on the History of Cooperation in Space Activities
AEMCC	United Arab Emirates MCC
AFTN	Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AGC	Automatic Gain Control
AI	Action Item
AIS	Automatic Identification System
ALC	Automatic Level Control
ALE	Average Location Error
ALMCC	Algerian MCC
AM	Amplitude Modulation
AMSA	Australian Maritime Safety Authority
AMSS	Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service
AOS	Acquisition of Signal
APSAR/TF	Asia/Pacific Search and Rescue Task Force
ARCC	Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre
ARMCC	Argentine MCC
ASMCC	South African MCC
ATC	Air Traffic Control
AUMCC	Australian MCC
Az	Azimuth
BASARNAS	National SAR Agency of Indonesia
BCD	Binary-Coded Decimal
BCH	Bose-Choudhuri-Hocquenghem
BCN	Beacon
BER	Bit Error Rate
BIH	Bureau International de l’Heure
bps	Bits per second Bits par seconde
BRMCC	Brazilian MCC
BW	Bandwidth
C/N	Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
C/N0	Carrier-to-Noise Density Ratio
C/S	Cospas-Sarsat
CDA	Command and Data Acquisition Station (NOAA)
CDARS	Cooperative Data and Rescue Services
CDDR	Central DDR
CDR	Critical Design Review
CEP	Circular Error Probable
CHMCC	Chilean MCC
CIRM	Comité International Radio-Maritime	International Radio-Maritime Committee
CISPR	International Special Committee on Radio Interference
CLD	Closed	Closed Meeting of a CSC Session
CMC	Cospas Mission Centre (Russian Federation)
CMCC	Canadian MCC
CNES	Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (France)
Cospas	“Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poiska Avariynich Sudov”	Russian words meaning “Space System for the Search of Vessels in Distress” Système spatial pour les recherches des navires en détresse (sigle dérivé du russe)
CSC	Cospas-Sarsat Council	Conseil Cospas-Sarsat
dB	Decibel Décibel
DND	Department of National Defence (Canada)	Ministère de la Défense nationale (Canada)
ELT	Emergency Locator Transmitter	Aeronautical distress beacon Emetteur de localisation d’urgence (balises de détresse aéronautiques)
	Ephémérides	Données relatives à la position et à la vitesse du satellite qui permettent le calcul des positions du satellite à tout instant
	Ephemeris	Satellite position and velocity data that allows the satellite position to be calculated at any point in time
EPIRB	Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon	Maritime distress beacon Radiobalise de localisation de sinistre (RLS – balises de détresses maritimes)
GEOLUT	Geostationary Earth Orbit Local User Terminal	A Ground receiving station in the Cospas-Sarsat GEOSAR System that detects, processes, and recovers the coded transmissions of 406 MHz emergency distress beacons, and relays the appropriate information to an MCC Station de réception au sol dans le système GEOSAR Cospas-Sarsat, qui détecte, traite et récupère les émissions codées des balises de détresse à 406 MHz, et relaie les informations adéquates à un MCC
GEOSAR	Geostationary Earth Orbit Search and Rescue	Satellite system at 406 MHz Système de satellites géostationnaires à 406 MHz pour les recherches et le sauvetage
Hz	Hertz
ICAO	International Civil Aviation Organization	Organisation de l’Aviation Civile Internationale (voir OACI)
IMO	International Maritime Organization	Organisation Maritime Internationale (voir OMI)
ITU	International Telecommunication Union	Union Internationale des Télécommunications (voir UIT)
kHz	Kilohertz
LEOLUT	Low Earth Orbit Local User Terminal	A ground receiving station in the Cospas-Sarsat LEOSAR system that detects, characterises and locates emergency beacons, and forwards the appropriate information to an MCC Station de réception au sol dans le système LEOSAR Cospas-Sarsat, qui détecte, identifie et localise les balises de détresse, et envoie les informations adéquates à un MCC
LEOSAR	Low Earth Orbit Search and Rescue	Satellite system in polar orbit Système de satellites en orbite polaire basse pour les recherches et le sauvetage
LUT	Local User Terminal	Cospas-Sarsat ground receiving station Station terrienne d’utilisateur local (station Cospas-Sarsat de réception au sol)
MCC	Mission Control Centre	Cospas-Sarsat Mission Control Centre Centre de contrôle de mission Cospas-Sarsat
MHz	Megahertz Mégahertz	Radio frequency Fréquence radio
	MORSVIAZSPUTNIK	Russian agency responsible for maritime navigation and mobile satellite communications at sea and on land
NOAA	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA)
NSS	National Search and Rescue Secretariat (Canada)	Secrétariat National – Recherche et Sauvetage (Canada), voir SNR
OACI	Organisation de l’Aviation Civile Internationale	International Civil Aviation Organization (see ICAO)
OMI	Organisation Maritime Internationale	International Maritime Organization (see IMO)
PAIS	Primary Air Information Stations
PLB	Personal Locator Beacon	Balise de localisation personnelle
RCC	Rescue Coordination Centre	Centre de coordination de sauvetage
RF	Radio Frequency
RLS	Radiobalise de localisation de sinistre	Balises de détresses maritimes, voir aussi EPIRB
RSFTA	Réseau du service fixe des télécommunications aéronautiques
SAIS	Secondary Air Information Stations
SAR	Search and Rescue	Recherches et Sauvetage
SARP	Search and Rescue Processor	Processeur SAR
Sarsat	Search and Rescue Satellite-Aided Tracking	Système d’aide aux recherches et au sauvetage par satellite
SEU	Single Event Upset
SNR	Secrétariat National – Recherche et Sauvetage (Canada)	National Search and Rescue Secretariat (Canada), see NSS
SPOC	SAR Point of Contact	Point de contact SAR
SRR	Search and Rescue Region	Région de responsabilité SAR
UIT	Union Internationale des Télécommunications	International Telecommunication Union (see ITU)
А	АРБ (EPIRB)	Аварийный радиобуй-указатель местоположения (морской аварийный радиобуй)
А	АРМ (ELT)	Аварийный передатчик-указатель положения (авиационный аварийный радиобуй)
А	АФТН (AFTN)	Сеть авиационной фиксированной связи
Б	бит/сек (bps)	Бит в секунду
Г	ГЕOСПОИ (GEOLUT)	Наземная приемная станция в Системе Коспас-Сарсат ГССПС, которая обнаруживает и обрабатывает закодированные сообщения от аварийных радиобуев 406 МГц, а также передает соответствующую информацию в КЦС
Г	ГОСПС (GEOSAR)	Геостанционарная спутниковая система поиска и спасания (406 МГц)
Г	Гц (Hz)	Герц
Д	ДБ (dB)	Децибел
Д	ДНД (DND)	Министерство национальной обороны Канады
И	ИКАО (IMO)	Международная организация гражданской авиации
И	ИМО	Международная морская организация
К	КГц (kHz)	Килогерц
К	КНЕС (CNES)	Национальный центр по исследованию космоса (Франция)
К	Коспас (Cospas)	Космическая система поиска аварийных судов (Россия)
К	КЦС (МСС)	Координационный центр системы
М	МГц (MHz)	Мегагерц
М	Морсвязьспутник (Morsvizsputnik)	Государственное предприятие электронавигации и спутниковой связи Министерства транспорта и связи (Россия)
М	МСЭ (ITU)	Международный союз электросвязи
Н	НИОСПОИ (LEOLUT)	Наземная приемная станция в системе Коспас-Сарсат НССПС, которая обнаруживает и определяет местоположение аварийных радиобуев, а также передает соответствующую информацию в КЦС
Н	НОАА (NOAA)	Национальное управление по океанам и атмосфере (США)
Н	НСС (NSS)	Национальный Секретариат по поиску и спасанию (Канада)
Н	НССПС (LEOSAR)	Низкоорбитальная спутниковая система поиска и спасания (с приполярной орбитой спутников)
П	ПОСПС (SARP)	Процессор обработки сигналов поиска и спасания
П	ПРБ (PLB)	Персональный радиобуй (аварийный радиобуй для использования на суше)
П	ПС (SAR)	Поиск и спасание
П	ПСР (SRR)	Поисково-спасательный район
Р	РЧ (RF)	Радиочастота
С	Сарсат (Sarsat)	Спутниковая система поиска и спасания
С	СКС (CSC)	Совет Коспас-Сарсат
С	СКЦ (RCC)	Спасательно-координационный центр
С	СПОИ (LUT)	Станция приема и обработки информации (наземная приемная станция Коспас-Сарсат)
Т	ТКПС (SPOC)	Точка контакта для поиска и спасания
Э	Эфемериды (Ephemeris)	Данные о перемещении спутника и его скорости, которые позволяют рассчитать его положение в любой момент времени

Document C/S S.007 provides information concerning:

• the status of 406 MHz beacon regulations in specific countries;

• points of contact for beacon registration matters in various countries; and

• extracts of some international regulations pertaining to 406 MHz beacons.

C/S Ref.	Document Title	Dated
S.007	Handbook of Beacon Regulations Issue 1 – Revision 4	Sept. 2013

beacon

NOTES:

• Copies of beacon registration forms for some countries are available at the Secretariat upon request.

• Satellite processing of 121.5 MHz emissions ceased on 1 February 2009 [read more].   Document C/S S.007 was updated accordingly.

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The Cospas-Sarsat LEOSAR system provides global coverage for 406-MHz beacons. Light-blue areas on the figure above show areas where LEOSAR satellites and operational LEOLUTs have mutual visibility. When a satellite is actively tracked, detected beacons have their signals directly relayed to the tracking LEOLUT for processing. When a satellite is outside a light-blue area and detects beacons, detected beacon signals are processed, data is stored and sent over the downlink, and received by a LEOLUT, when the satellite is tracked again entering a light-blue area. This map above was created assuming a satellite orbit altitude of 850 km with a 5° minimum elevation angle at each LEOLUT.

 

Click here for a List of LEOLUTs/GEOLUTs

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Click here for a List of LEOLUTs/GEOLUTs

 

 

 

 

Current Space Segment Status and SAR Payloads information can now be found on the QARS pages here: https://qars.cospas-sarsat.int/?tab=ss

 

General

Type approval of 406 MHz beacons is a national responsibility. However, to assist administrations, Cospas-Sarsat has developed a type approval procedure. A Cospas-Sarsat Type Approval Certificate is delivered by the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat to manufacturers whose beacons have been successfully tested, according to the Cospas-Sarsat procedure, at Cospas-Sarsat accepted laboratories. The Cospas-Sarsat type approval procedure covers only the transmission characteristics of the beacons.

The purpose of the Cospas-Sarsat type approval is to ensure that:

• beacons, when activated, will not degrade nominal system performance

• beacon transmissions will be compatible with satellite on-board equipment

• the content of coded information transmitted by the beacons will be compatible with LUT processing

Successful completion of Cospas-Sarsat type approval testing does not relieve the manufacturer from the obligation to obtain national type acceptance and/or relevant authorizations from national administrations.

National regulations may include requirements concerning beacon packaging, installation and operation which are not included in the Cospas-Sarsat specification (e.g. homing frequencies, automatic release mechanism).

A list of 406-MHz beacon manufacturers and a list of Cospas-Sarsat type-approved beacon models are available in the Contact Lists and Beacons sections of the Professionals website, respectively.

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Reference Documents

Reference documents for the development, manufacturing and testing of 406 MHz distress beacons are:

• Cospas-Sarsat document C/S T.001 “Specification for Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacons”

• ITU-R Recommendation M.633, “Transmission characteristics of a satellite emergency position-indicating radiobeacon (satellite EPIRB) system operating through a low polar-orbiting satellite system in the 406 MHz band”

• Cospas-Sarsat document C/S T.007 “Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacons Type Approval Standard”

• Cospas-Sarsat document C/S T.015 “Cospas-Sarsat Specification and Type Approval Standard for 406 MHz Ship Security Alert (SSAS) Beacons”

• Cospas-Sarsat document C/S G.005 “Guidelines on 406 MHz Beacon Coding, Registration and Type Approval”

• Relevant national specifications and requirements based on IMO performance standards for 406 MHz EPIRBs or ICAO standards for 406 MHz ELTs.

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Cospas-Sarsat Type Approval Testing

Cospas-Sarsat type approval testing should be performed at 406-MHz beacon test facilities that have been accepted by the Cospas-Sarsat Council, listed in the Contact Lists section of the Professionals website.

Manufacturers seeking Cospas-Sarsat type approval of 406-MHz beacons should contact the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat for further details concerning the type approval procedures described in the document C/S T.007.

The cost of type approval testing will be borne by the manufacturers.

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Use of Logos

Cospas-Sarsat trademarks registered in several countries and protected by the laws of those nations and the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. Additionally, the trademarks are protected under Article 6ter of the Paris Convention of the World Intellectual Property Organization.

To avoid diminishing or compromising the reputation of Cospas-Sarsat’s service or that of type-approved beacons, the association of the trademark or service mark with devices or services is only permitted for those devices or services that have been tested as conforming to the required standards and have received approval by the Programme. Use of the marks by beacon manufacturers is specifically allowed for labelling, instruction materials and marketing of a specific device that has received a Cospas-Sarsat type approval or letter of compatibility. This use does not extend to marketing materials generally of a manufacturer when non-approved devices are included in the materials. This authorization will be reflected in new type-approval certificates issued by the Secretariat.

Cospas-Sarsat welcomes innovation in the development of beacon products, and companies’ interest as manufacturers of beacon technologies. However, it is to the mutual benefit of your company, other manufacturers and the Cospas-Sarsat Programme that the reputation of high standards, independently tested, is maintained by ensuring that only approved products carry the Cospas-Sarsat name and logos. 

For more information, please see document C/S P.011, “Cospas-Sarsat Programme Management Policy”, section 6.

NOTE: The information provided in the Beacon Coding Guide & Tutorial is intended to amplify the information provided in the following Cospas-Sarsat “System Documents”, available on the Professionals website (Pro/Documents):

• C/S G.005 “Cospas-Sarsat Guidelines on 406 MHz Beacon Coding, Registration, and Type Approval”, and

• C/S T.001 “Specification for Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz Distress Beacons”.

The Beacon Coding Guide and Tutorial is undergoing a redesign and rewriting based on the updates to these System documents. For further information, please contact the Secretariat.

It is crucial that 406 MHz distress beacons be registered in recognized beacon registration databases which will be accessible to search and rescue authorities at all times. The information contained in these databases concerning the beacon, its owner, and the vehicle/vessel on which the beacon is mounted is vital for the effective use of Search and Rescue resources. The proper registration of a beacon could make the difference between success and failure of a search and rescue mission [examples of how the registration information may be used to enable the proper SAR response].

Process for Registering a Beacon – If the Administration has Identified a Registration Point of Contact

Contact the representative in your country responsible for 406 MHz distress beacons to:

• obtain guidance regarding national regulations concerning beacon coding and registration (it should be noted that there are many beacon message protocols which are compatible with the Cospas-Sarsat System; it is the responsibility of National Administrations to select the protocols for use within their jurisdiction); and

• obtain the necessary forms to register the beacon.

Click here for a beacon registration contact information in various countries.

Process for Registering a Beacon in the Cospas-Sarsat International 406 MHz Beacon Registration Database (IBRD).  A usage guide may be downloaded here.

Your country may have elected to allow you to directly register your beacon in the International 406 MHz Beacon Registration Database (IBRD), available online and free of charge at www.406registration.com.

The IBRD became operational on the 16 January 2006. It provides capability to register 406 MHz distress beacons and has extensive online help capabilities.

Individual beacon owners may register their beacons and select their own passwords during the registration process if this use of the IBRD has been allowed by their national Administration.

You will need the following information to register a beacon:

• Beacon Hexadecimal Identification (15 Hexadecimal characters)

• Owner name and phone number

• Emergency contact name and phone number

• Vehicle type (selectable from a menu)

• Vehicle name, MMSI, call sign or identification number (except for PLBs).

Cospas-Sarsat will only accept beacon registrations submitted via the online facilities of the IBRD. Beacon registrations submitted in paper format or via other communication facilities will not be accepted.

The Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat is available to answer questions from National Administrations concerning beacon coding and registration matters.

Administration User Accounts

The IBRD is freely available to users with no access to national registration facilities and to Administrations who wish to avail themselves of the facility to make their national beacon registration data more available to SAR services.

SAR Services and others wishing to query the IBRD will require passwords issued by the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat. In order to acquire appropriate passwords to access the IBRD, National Administrations should:

• designate a National IBRD Point of Contact, and

• request that the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat allocate user identifications and passwords to their National IBRD Point of Contact.

The password and user identification request must be provided in writing to the Database Administrator (i.e. the Cospas-Sarsat Secretariat) and must carry the signature of the Cospas-Sarsat/IMO/ICAO Representative of the Administration.  An IBRD User Account Request Form is available under the “Document Templates” section of our website by selecting IBRD Templates.